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Suimeikan

Water profile

Suimeikan

Spring chemistry and what it does, with the research behind it.

下呂温泉(幸田ポンプ所)Gero Onsen (Koda Pump Station)

Simple

A simple alkaline thermal spring drawn from the Koda Pump Station of Gero Onsen. At pH 9.4 it sits firmly in the alkaline range that gives the slippery, skin-smoothing feel of Japan's beauty-water family. The water is lightly mineralized and gentle on the body, yet carries a generous 66.7 mg/kg of metasilicic acid that leaves a thin silica film for noticeably smoother skin.

Good for

Aches & joints

Warmth eases stiffness and raises the pain threshold. Radon and sulfate springs show the strongest evidence for joint and muscle pain.

stiff shoulders

Smooth skin

Bicarbonate and alkalinity gently lift dead keratin while silica hydrates, leaving skin smooth. This is the basis of the beautifying-water (bijin-no-yu 美人の湯) reputation.

dry, rough skin

Recovery

Warmth and buoyancy lower stress markers and improve sleep; habitual bathing is linked to lower rates of depression.

fatigue, stress

Full composition

The bar is each ion's share of charge (mval%) within its group; over 20% names the spring. Gases, silica and trace metals are measured by mass only.

Cationsshare of charge (mval%)
  • Sodium96.5mgP28 national
  • Calcium2.5mgP10 national
  • Potassium1.0mgP14 national
  • Aluminum0.09mgP37 national
  • Magnesium< —mg
Anionsshare of charge (mval%)
  • Fluoride10.0mgP90 national
  • Chloride8.1mgP11 national
  • Hydroxide0.30mgP74 national
  • HSiO3mg
Non-dissociatedmeasured by mass
  • Metasilicic acid66.7mgP42 national

Measured at the source

Source temperature
56.0°C
Hot
Tonicity
0.10g/kg
Hypotonic

Evidence

  1. Maeda M. 温泉の医学的効果とその科学的根拠. J. Hot Spring Science 70:197–207, 2021.
  2. Naito Y et al. A Hot-Spring Water Improves Inflammatory Conditions in an Atopic Dermatitis Model. Biomedicines 13(11):2707, 2025.
  3. Donaubauer AJ et al. Serial radon spa therapy on pain in musculoskeletal disorders. Frontiers in Immunology, 2024.
  4. Verhagen AP et al. Balneotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews CD000518, 2015.
  5. Li H et al. Bicarbonate Ionized Water Bathing Enhances Natural Killer Cell Activity. Scientific Reports 14:51851, 2024.
  6. Takeda M et al. Hot spring bathing practices have a positive effect on mental health in Japan. Heliyon 9(9):e19631, 2023.

水明館内浴槽Suimeikan Indoor Bath Source

Simple

An alkaline, hypotonic, hot thermal water of the Gero Onsen family feeding Suimeikan's indoor bath. At pH 9.4 it is distinctly alkaline and soft on the skin, sitting in Japan's beauty-water family. The water is colorless, tasteless and odorless with little to distract from the bathe, yet it carries about 56 mg/kg of metasilicic acid that leaves skin feeling noticeably smoother afterwards.

Good for

Aches & joints

Warmth eases stiffness and raises the pain threshold. Radon and sulfate springs show the strongest evidence for joint and muscle pain.

stiff shoulders

Smooth skin

Bicarbonate and alkalinity gently lift dead keratin while silica hydrates, leaving skin smooth. This is the basis of the beautifying-water (bijin-no-yu 美人の湯) reputation.

dry, rough skin

Recovery

Warmth and buoyancy lower stress markers and improve sleep; habitual bathing is linked to lower rates of depression.

fatigue, stress

Full composition

The bar is each ion's share of charge (mval%) within its group; over 20% names the spring. Gases, silica and trace metals are measured by mass only.

Cationsshare of charge (mval%)
  • Sodium95.0mgP28 national
  • Potassium6.8mgP39 national
  • Calcium2.1mgP8 national
  • Aluminum0.08mgP33 national
  • Magnesium0.08mgP6 national
  • Manganese< —mg
Anionsshare of charge (mval%)
  • Fluoride16.5mgP97 national
  • Chloride6.5mgP9 national
  • Hydroxide0.30mgP74 national
Non-dissociatedmeasured by mass
  • Metasilicic acid56.0mgP34 national
  • Metaboric acid1.0mgP13 national

Measured at the source

Tonicity
Hypotonic

Evidence

  1. Maeda M. 温泉の医学的効果とその科学的根拠. J. Hot Spring Science 70:197–207, 2021.
  2. Naito Y et al. A Hot-Spring Water Improves Inflammatory Conditions in an Atopic Dermatitis Model. Biomedicines 13(11):2707, 2025.
  3. Donaubauer AJ et al. Serial radon spa therapy on pain in musculoskeletal disorders. Frontiers in Immunology, 2024.
  4. Verhagen AP et al. Balneotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews CD000518, 2015.
  5. Li H et al. Bicarbonate Ionized Water Bathing Enhances Natural Killer Cell Activity. Scientific Reports 14:51851, 2024.
  6. Takeda M et al. Hot spring bathing practices have a positive effect on mental health in Japan. Heliyon 9(9):e19631, 2023.

Educational, not medical advice. If you have a health condition, consult a physician before onsen therapy.