Tosenkyo Onsenkan Toshoka

Water profile

Tosenkyo Onsenkan Toshoka

Spring chemistry and what it does, with the research behind it.

RadonSodium Chloride spring

A radon-bearing 'simple weakly radioactive' spring — a small but real dose of Rn places it in the hormesis tradition. Alkaline at pH 9.34, the water has the slippery beauty-water touch despite a light overall mineralization of just 0.242 g/kg. Radon registers at roughly 220 Bq/kg (16.4 Mache units), well above the threshold for a radioactive spring; the source emerges hot at 43 °C.

Good for

Aches & joints

Warmth eases stiffness and raises the pain threshold. Radon and sulfate springs show the strongest evidence for joint and muscle pain.

stiff shoulders

Smooth skin

Bicarbonate and alkalinity gently lift dead keratin while silica hydrates, leaving skin smooth. This is the basis of the beautifying-water (bijin-no-yu 美人の湯) reputation.

dry, rough skin

Recovery

Warmth and buoyancy lower stress markers and improve sleep; habitual bathing is linked to lower rates of depression.

fatigue, stress

Full composition

The bar is each ion's share of charge (mval%) within its group; over 20% names the spring. Gases, silica and trace metals are measured by mass only.

Cationsshare of charge (mval%)
  • Sodium50.9mgP14 national
  • Calcium2.7mgP11 national
Anionsshare of charge (mval%)
  • Chloride33.5mgP24 national
  • Bicarbonate15.4mgP10 national
  • Carbonate74.9mgP96 national
Non-dissociatedmeasured by mass
  • Metasilicic acid42.2mgP25 national
Dissolved gasesmeasured by mass
  • Free carbon dioxideNDmg
  • Free hydrogen sulfideNDmg
Trace metalsmeasured by mass
  • Arsenic0.04mgP53 national
  • CopperNDmg
  • MercuryNDmg
  • LeadNDmg
  • Radonmg

Measured at the source

pH
9.34
Alkaline
Source temperature
43.1°C
Hot
Tonicity
0.24g/kg
Hypotonic
Flow rate
500L/min
High
Radon
221Bq/kg
High

Evidence

  1. Maeda M. 温泉の医学的効果とその科学的根拠. J. Hot Spring Science 70:197–207, 2021.
  2. Naito Y et al. A Hot-Spring Water Improves Inflammatory Conditions in an Atopic Dermatitis Model. Biomedicines 13(11):2707, 2025.
  3. Donaubauer AJ et al. Serial radon spa therapy on pain in musculoskeletal disorders. Frontiers in Immunology, 2024.
  4. Verhagen AP et al. Balneotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews CD000518, 2015.
  5. Li H et al. Bicarbonate Ionized Water Bathing Enhances Natural Killer Cell Activity. Scientific Reports 14:51851, 2024.
  6. Takeda M et al. Hot spring bathing practices have a positive effect on mental health in Japan. Heliyon 9(9):e19631, 2023.

Educational, not medical advice. If you have a health condition, consult a physician before onsen therapy.