Koraku no Yu

Water profile

Koraku no Yu

Spring chemistry and what it does, with the research behind it.

SulfurSodium Carbonate-HSiO3 spring

An alkaline simple sulfur spring carrying the faint rotten-egg note of hydrogen sulfide. The pH is strongly alkaline, giving the slippery, soft-on-the-skin feel of Japan's beauty-water family. Lightly mineralized and gentle on the body, it makes for a mild, easy soak rather than a heavy mineral bath.

Good for

Skin conditions

Sulfur and acidic waters are antibacterial and keratolytic, studied for atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

atopic skin, eczema

Circulation

Skin-absorbed CO₂ and hydrogen sulfide relax the vessel walls; carbon-dioxide springs can raise peripheral blood flow several-fold.

tired legs

On the certificate:poor peripheral circulation

Smooth skin

Bicarbonate and alkalinity gently lift dead keratin while silica hydrates, leaving skin smooth. This is the basis of the beautifying-water (bijin-no-yu 美人の湯) reputation.

dry, rough skin

Cuts

Mineral-rich chloride, sulfate and sulfur waters have a long-recorded soothing effect on minor cuts and slow-healing skin.

minor wounds

Recovery

Warmth and buoyancy lower stress markers and improve sleep; habitual bathing is linked to lower rates of depression.

fatigue, stress

On the certificate:recovery from fatiguegeneral health promotion

Take care

Sensitive-skin caution

Strongly acidic or sulfur-rich water can sting broken, atopic-flare, or dry elderly skin. Ease in slowly and rinse off if it stings.

broken or dry skin

Contraindications
  • acute illness (especially when feverish)
  • active tuberculosis
  • severe heart disease

Full composition

The bar is each ion's share of charge (mval%) within its group; over 20% names the spring. Gases, silica and trace metals are measured by mass only.

Cationsshare of charge (mval%)
  • Sodium50.6mgP14 national
  • Calcium0.80mgP2 national
  • Potassium0.30mgP3 national
  • Aluminum0.0000mg
  • Barium0.0000mg
  • FeTotal0.0000mg
  • Hydrogen0.0000mg
  • Lithium0.0000mg
  • Magnesium0.0000mg
  • Manganese0.0000mg
  • Ammonium0.0000mg
  • Strontium0.0000mg
Anionsshare of charge (mval%)
  • Carbonate49.5mgP91 national
  • HSiO361.2mgP92 national
  • Bicarbonate13.7mgP8 national
  • Sulfate8.1mgP21 national
  • Chloride3.5mgP5 national
  • Hydroxide1.6mgP92 national
  • Hydrogen sulfide2.7mgP83 national
  • Fluoride0.80mgP44 national
  • Thiosulfate1.3mgP75 national
  • AsO20.0000mg
  • Bromide0.0000mg
  • H2PO40.0000mg
  • Hydrogen phosphate0.0000mg
  • HSO40.0000mg
  • Iodide0.0000mg
  • Nitrate0.0000mg
  • S0.0000mg
  • BO20.90mgP53 national
Non-dissociatedmeasured by mass
  • Metasilicic acid0.0000mg
  • Metaarsenious acid0.0000mg
  • Metaboric acid0.0000mg
Dissolved gasesmeasured by mass
  • Free carbon dioxide0.0000mg
  • Free hydrogen sulfide0.0000mg
Trace metalsmeasured by mass
  • ArsenicNDmg
  • CopperNDmg
  • MercuryNDmg
  • LeadNDmg

Measured at the source

pH
9.98
Alkaline
Source temperature
31.0°C
Low temp.
Tonicity
0.20g/kg
Hypotonic
Flow rate
400L/min
Typical
Radon
14Bq/kg
Low

On the certificate

  • chronic muscle or joint pain and stiffness
  • sensitivity to cold

Evidence

  1. Maeda M. 温泉の医学的効果とその科学的根拠. J. Hot Spring Science 70:197–207, 2021.
  2. Tei C, Kihara T. Waon Therapy for Chronic Heart Failure. J. Cardiology 53(2):214–218, 2009.
  3. Coavoy-Sánchez SA et al. Hydrogen sulfide and dermatological diseases. Int. J. Dermatology, 2019.
  4. Naito Y et al. A Hot-Spring Water Improves Inflammatory Conditions in an Atopic Dermatitis Model. Biomedicines 13(11):2707, 2025.
  5. Akiyama H et al. Antimicrobial effects of acidic hot-spring water on S. aureus. J. Dermatological Science 24(3):193–200, 2000.
  6. Toriyama T et al. Carbon dioxide foot bathing on critical limb ischemia. International Angiology 21(4):367–373, 2002.
  7. Li H et al. Bicarbonate Ionized Water Bathing Enhances Natural Killer Cell Activity. Scientific Reports 14:51851, 2024.
  8. Takeda M et al. Hot spring bathing practices have a positive effect on mental health in Japan. Heliyon 9(9):e19631, 2023.
  9. Ministry of the Environment, Japan. 禁忌症及び入浴又は飲用上の注意事項 (2014 notice).official

Educational, not medical advice. If you have a health condition, consult a physician before onsen therapy.